Foreign policy orientations in the Turkish press during the National Struggle

The National Struggle period is a critical transition period when the Ottoman Empire started to go out of existence, and circumstances for the foundation of the Republic of Turkey occurred. Parallel with it, this study, which focuses on the period of the National Struggle from the Armistice of Mondros (October 30, 1918) to the Armistice of Mudanya (October 11, 1922) in chronological terms, mainly aims to reveal the foreign policy debates in the Turkish public, especially through the press. In this framework, the foreign policy tendencies of the Turkish press broadcasting during the National Struggle period and the news sources that informed the Turkish public were determined. Besides, an analysis was made of how the Turkish public opinion was shaped, what the balances of the international power of the period were, and how these balances were interpreted by the Turkish public. Considered the fourth power after the legislative, executive, and judicial powers, the press had vital roles during the National Struggle period. Contributing to the formation of an active public opinion and directing the society, the National Struggle press also became an irreplaceable source of open intelligence, a platform allowing the formation of a common political mind, and a very important means of announcing national rights to the world. The press, which is one of the national power elements with all these functions, made great contributions to the success of the National Struggle. In his study, which it is hoped to contribute to the disciplines of the history of press, sociology, and international relations, reveals all these features of the Turkish press through the news, comments, and analysis on foreign policy.