Comparison of modern and postmodern elements in orhan pamuk's novels

Modernism is the movement of art and a thought that based on positivism, which sprouts at The Age of Enlightment, consecrates anthropocentric thoughts under the guidance of mind and the science being output of mind. This movement that continues to its effect in many years, has started to be shocked after the destructions creating of two great war which mankind experienced, its values that it puts forward to have been interrogated. Understanding of postmodern thought and art which problematize all values of Modernism that based itself on them, has been effective on many fields especially literature. Postmodernism that provides to ocur the understanding that is regarded new novel as in the West, has affected novel art deeply, has used "metafiction, intertextual relations, multiplism and game" as the major factors of novel in the second half of twentieth century. Postmodernism that's first examples in Turkish literature having been seen since Orhan Pamuk published his first novels in 1980's, has started to discuss by literature community specific to O. Pamuk mostly with the effect of White Castle, Black Book, New Life and My Name is Red being published after Pamuk's first two novels. The aim of this study is to evaluate ten novels that have been written by Orhan Pamuk up to the present with the perspective both modern and postmodern critic and to determine these novels' fiction factors' imminency to what esthetics understanding. In this regard, in the in the first part of the study, appearances of modernism and postmodernism have been touched briefly and then theoretical knowledge about modern and postmodern novels' factors have been presented. In the second part, Orhan Pamuk's novels have been evaluated with regards to modern factors and in the third part these have been evaluated in postmodern factors. In the fourth part a comparison of these evaluations have been made. The result of these evaluations, it has been seen that he has gathered modern and postmodern specialities in his some novels of Orhan Pamuk, it has been determined in the certain novels that he revealed texts with supporting modern or postmodern understanding.