Genetic improvement in yield and some agronomic traits of bread wheat cultivars under central anatolian rainfed conditions

The aim of this research was to determine the genetic improvement by evaluating the grain yield and the properties related to yield of 24 bread wheat cultivars which were selected according to registration years and were improved for dry areas in last 45 years by breeding studies under Kırsehir ecological conditions. This study was conducted using 24 bread wheat cultivars in the "Randomized Blocks Experimental Design" with four replication in 2014-2015 cultivation period in Kırsehir. In this research has been examined the grain yield and yield components, morphological, phenological and some quality properties of bread wheat cultivars, has been evaluated the genetic improvement by regression analysis method in this properties. As a result of the study it has been been determined that cultivars have a grain yield between 164 kg/da (Gun 91) - 301 kg/da (Sonmez 2001) and fertile spikes number per m2 313,75 - 475,00, grain number per spike 20,35 - 30,93, grain weight per spike 0,723 - 1,183 g, harvest index 28,98 % - 43,05 %, spikelet sterility 9,16% - 26,19 %, heading duration 165,75 - 175,75 day, during grain-filling 28,50 - 36,25 day, thousand grain weight 30,42 g - 38,67 g.The genetic improvement of the varieties was determined as annual grain yield increase 1,012 kg / da. There were 276 simple relationships among the characteristics investigated by grain yield, and 113 of them have statistically significant correlation coefficients. In this research it was recommended Sönmez 2001, Karahan 99, Mesut, Es 26, Pehlivan, Kate A-1 and Bayraktar 2000 bread wheat cultivars can be grown under Kırsehir ecological conditions. Key Words: Agronomic Traits, Bread Wheat, Genetic Improvement, Yield. Number of Pages: 134 Thesis Advisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Ramazan AYRANCI