The lives and works of scientist who contributed to the field of positive science in the Medieval Islamic world

Historical science; It is a branch of science that objectively describes the activities of people who lived in the past and their relationships with each other, by showing the place and time, basing it on information, documents, findings and evidence, taking into account the cause-effect relationship. One of the most important elements shaping the science of history is the discovery of writing. With the discovery of writing, the boundaries of the field of history were determined. It is very difficult to examine this adventure as a whole, which starts from the moment people first breathe. Thus, history was divided into sections within itself and it was called the division of ages. The most important reason for dividing the ages; to guide and facilitate the work of researchers doing research in the field of history. It is possible to examine the division of ages in two parts. These; It is divided into prehistoric ages and historical ages. Prehistoric times are the name given to the time period that took place before the discovery of writing. The prehistoric ages were named after the tools and materials used in that period and the important metals that left their mark on the period. For example; Such as Bronze Age, Copper Age, Mining Age, Iron Age… Historical Ages are the name given to the time period that took place with the discovery of writing. historical ages; It is divided into the First Age, the Middle Ages, and the New-Near Age. Important events that took place during these periods opened one era and closed another. The Islamic world in the Middle Ages; He was the architect of firsts in many fields such as science, art, literature, algebra, astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology. For example; Muhammed b. The discovery of algebra and zero by Mûsâ Hârizmî (780-850), Câbir b. Hayyân's (721-815) establishment of the first modern chemistry laboratory is an example of innovative progress for the Middle Ages. Thanks to such developments, the Islamic world lived its "golden ages" in the Middle Ages; however, Europe and the Western world lived their "dark ages" in the Middle Ages. The reasons for this are: the dominant and oppressive attitude of the church, epidemics, earthquakes, and floods. For these reasons, Europe could not develop in fields such as science, art, literature and culture during the period. XV. In the 19th century, with the Renaissance Period, European states began to develop themselves in many areas where they fell behind; however, the Transoxiana Region, which is located in the Islamic world, which is the architect of many firsts, has entered a period of decline. The biggest factor in its regression was the struggle of those who adopted the wrong perception of religion and those who attach importance to scientific facts. As a result of this struggle, people who misinterpreted the concept of religion dominated the Transoxiana region. Therefore, scientific and scientific activities were interrupted. Our aim to carry out the thesis work is to awaken a national consciousness in the Turkish nation. The activities of scientists trained in the Turkish-Islamic synthesis have been important developments for the history of humanity. These developments have created the mechanical infrastructure of many tools we use today.