Production by some tissue culture techniques of Crataegus pontica C. Koch Verh. and Crataegus meyeri Pojark., members of our natural hawthorn taxa important in landscape architecture

The development of an effective vegetative proliferation medium for Crataegus pontica C. Koch Verh. and Crataegus meyeri Pojark. species within Crataegus genus, a widely sought genus in landscape architecture but not found in nurseries because of difficulties in growth, was aimed in the current study by using tissue culture methods. Thus, opening the way for the producers for massive production of these species by overcoming the difficulties in their growth, bringing them in to parks and gardens, and providing the raw material for drug and food industry were sought.To achieve these purposes, embryos and explants from buds of Crataegus pontica ve Crataegus meyeri cultured in nutrient media called MS and LS including the additions of different BA, kinetin, BA+IBA, BA+NAA and BA + kinetin doses and combinations.The results showed that the additions of BA, kinetin, BA+IBA and BA+NAA doses in MS and LS media did not affect the shooting in both species, while shoot formations were observed in all the MS and LS media containing the additions of BA + kinetin dose combinations, with a highest success rate of between 84 and 100%.The highest success rate, 100%, in survival percentage, shoot length, shoot number and node number in both species were determined in MS media with the additions of 3 mg/L BA + 1 mg/L kinetin dose combinations.The best rooting results in in vitro rooting experiments were found to be 48 and 52% for Crataegus pontica and Crataegus meyeri, respectively, in 1/4 MS medium with 1 mg/L IAA dose added.The possible usages of hawthorns (Crataegus L.) in landscape architecture were explored, with the help of information gathered through literature search, and their industrial usage areas as well as their importance for wild life were determined.