Investigation of the effects of heat on solar panels in solar cogeneration systems

Today, the need for energy is increasing day by day due to reasons such as rapid developments in technology, industrialization, population growth and globalization. Accordingly, in order to meet the increasing energy need, scientists have concentrated on searching for different resources and increasing the efficiency of existing systems. Renewable energy sources have become preferred in energy production due to their minimal harm to nature and their carbon emission values being close to zero. In this study, a solar cogeneration system was designed and its practical application was carried out, especially for places where both hot water and electrical energy are used together, such as residences, hospitals, hotels, food and textile factories. In experimental studies, in addition to the required hot water supply, the negative effects of heat on solar panels were examined and studies were carried out to improve their efficiency. As a result of the study, according to the first temperature range (35-25 ◦C), the average temperature of the hot water obtained from the daily panel was 28.13 ◦C, 218.50 lt. 2,698 kWh of electrical energy required to heat the resulting hot water was saved. The total energy obtained from the cooled panel was measured as 0.762 kWh, and the total energy obtained from the classical panel was measured as 0.675 kWh. It has been observed that the energy produced by the cooled panel is 12.82% more than the classical panel. The total energy produced by the cooled panel was calculated to be 3.46 kWh and accordingly, the total panel efficiency was found to be 44.94%. The classic solar panel operated at an average efficiency of 8.77% with a production of 0.675 kWh. As a result of the study, according to the second temperature range (35-30 ◦C), the average temperature of the hot water obtained from the daily panel was 34.44 ◦C, 100.50 lt. 2.10 kWh of electrical energy required to heat the resulting hot water was saved. The total energy obtained from the cooled panel was measured as 0.788 kWh, and the total energy obtained from the classical panel was measured as 0.700 kWh. It has been observed that the energy produced by the cooled panel is 12.51% more than the classical panel. The total energy produced by the cooled panel was calculated to be 2,888 kWh and accordingly, the total panel efficiency was found to be 37.50%. The classic solar panel operated at an average efficiency of 9.09% with a production of 0.675 kWh.