Formation of injury model for human head neck system with finite element method

In this study, a 3D human head–neck system under different impact conditions was modeled with finite element method. The pressure and stress distributions formed in the skull and brain were examined. A finite element model of a 3D human head–neck system accepted in the literature is provided. This model was created using the finite element method with the LS-DYNA program to examine the pressure and stress values of both the skull and brain with the effect of front (frontal), back (occipital) and side (parietal) impacts. In the finite element analysis, the skull element was modeled as both rigid and elastic material, while the brain was modeled using viscoelastic material properties. As a result of the impact of the frontal region on the head model, the pressure values obtained from different regions of the skull and brain were compared with the literature data. Later, the reactions of the skull and brain were examined with the effect of occipital impact. Finally, with the lateral impact effect, pressure and stress distributions in the skull and brain were obtained. As a result of these studies, the developed skull and brain model obtained the same results as an academic study in the literature. Later, by adding neck tissues, an injury model was developed for damage to the brain that may occur with impact