Determination of dynamic characteristics, finite element model updating and damage detection at historical masonry structures by experimental modal analysis method

In the scope of this thesis, it is aimed to determine the experimental dynamic characteristics, to create finite element models, to perform finite element model updating and damage assessment studies of historical masonry structures. The study is divided into two parts: (I) studies on existing structures and (II) studies on laboratory model. Among the existing historical structures, the Armory Building (Trabzon), Çorum Clock Tower, Yavuz Selim School Building (Trabzon), İskenderpaşa Mosque and Minaret (Trabzon), Santa Maria Church and Guest House (Trabzon), Yeniköy Bridge (Trabzon) were examined, Experimental Modal Analysis tests and finite element models were created and finite element model updating processes were presented. In the second part of the study, studies were carried out on a single span stone arch bridge built to scale in the Structural Health Monitoring Laboratory of Karadeniz Technical University in order to apply the damage dedection methods. Support settlement on the bridge model, material discharge at the bridge piers and earthquake damage cases were applied by shaking table tests and damage detections were made with the help of Experimental Modal Analysis tests. In addition, the bridge model was repaired with simple repair and injection applications and the repair efficiency was investigated. As a result of the thesis study, it has been determined that the frequency and mode shapes data obtained by vibration tests are a very suitable method for determining the presence of damage. However, it has been determined that the experimental data alone are insufficient to determine the location of the damage in the structures, and that numerical models and more experimental measurement points are needed.