Fresh testicular sperm-induced intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure results in laboratory and clinical outcomes of the embryos obtained

In this study, 1036 patients treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were evaluated retrospectively. We have three groups; i) Group 1: Sperm present in the ejaculate and fresh ejaculate sample were used for ICSI treatment, ii) Group 2: Sperm present in their ejaculate and used fresh testicular sperm for ICSI treatment, and iii) Group 3: No sperm present in their ejaculate (Azoospermia) and fresh testicular sperm for ICSI treatment. There were no statistically significant differences between patients' demographics between the three groups. The fertilization rate after ICSI in Group 1 (%80) was statistically significant compared to Group 2 (%66) and Group 3 (%60) (p = <0.001). On the other hand, the blastocyst utilization rate in Group 1 (%42.9) was significantly high compared to Group 2 (%25) and Group 3 (%33.3) (p = <0.001). In conclusion, our study reveals that if there is sperm present in the ejaculate, using testicular sperm has no benefits in terms of fertilization and blast utilization rate.