Teknik eğitim tasarımının, öğrenenin becerileri, bilgi edinimi ve iş performansına transfer üzerindeki etkileri: Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii örneği

From the organizational development perspective, training is a vital instrument for improving operational capabilities and adapting to changing needs of the time. The present study aims to investigate the effects of a systematic and structured training design approach on trainee's skills, knowledge acquisition, and far transfer. For that purpose, Clark's technical training development framework was interpreted and a guidance matrix was devised for the specific case of Turkish Aerospace. In the course of the study, a particular training within the curricula of the Turkish Aerospace Academy was selected and redesigned according to the proposed matrix by collaborating with a subject matter expert. The study followed an experimental research design to examine the effect of the proposed approach. A total of 120 participants were split in half and randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The control group participated in the original course whereas the treatment group was exposed to the redesigned course. Kirkpatrick's training evaluation model was followed to explain the effects of the proposed training design approach for different levels of impact. Participants took a pretest exam before the course and also took a posttest exam upon completing the course. All participants also filled a reaction questionnaire after the course. In addition, operational error counts of the participants before and after the course were recorded to observe their job performance. Data analyses were carried out to reveal the effect of the redesigned course on learning, reaction, and transfer results. Analyses showed that the treatment yielded an increased posttest score and a decreased number of errors while holding pre-course exam scores and error counts constant. Also, the treatment group reported better reactions in terms of training objectives, content, and evaluation method. The study provided an interpretation of Clark's content-performance matrix that is shown to be effective in designing technical training within the aerospace industry context. Keywords: Technical Training, Instructional Design, Training Design, Training Evaluation, Transfer of Learning