The evaluation of the effects of emotional appetite on nutritional status and metabolic control parameters in Type 2 Diabetes patients

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of emotional appetite on nutritional status and metabolic parameters in Type 2 diabetes patients. The study was carried out on 66 (male: 28, 42.4%, female: 38, 57.6%) Type 2 diabetes patients admitted to Sanlıurfa Harran University Training and Research Hospital Outpatient Clinics. A questionnaire to determine the general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity status and nutritional habits of the individuals was applied face-to-face. Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ) and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (PREDIMED/MEDAS) were applied. The mean age (±SD) of patients was 50.4±8.9 years. Daily mean (±SD) energy provided from carbohydrates, protein and fats were 56±8,9%, 14,7±1,8%, 29,2±8,5% in males and 53±9,1%, 15,8±2,1%, 31,3±9% in females, respectively. The mean (±SD) body mass index (BMI) was 30.2±5.7 in males and 34.3±7.01 kg/m2 in females. Out of total, 32.3% (males: 50.0%, females: 19.0%) was overweight and 60.0% (males: 39.5%, females: 75.6%) was obese. Fasting bolood glucose (M: 96.4%, F: 92.1%), postprandial blood glucose (M: 60.7%, F: 57.9%), HbA1c (M: 92.9%, F: 7.,9%) levels of the patients were found high and the gender difference was found statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Male urea (M:44.9±31.7, F:28.9±9.6 mg/dL) and creatinine (M: 1.2±0.5, F: 0.8±0.5 mg/dL) dL) excretion values were higher than women. The mean physical activity level (PAL) value was found as 1.50±0.23. PREDIMED/MEDAS mean score was 6.9±1.9 (M: 6.54±1.6; F: 7.1±2.1). Moderate level compliance to Meditereranean Diet was 71.4% in males and 63.2% in females and gender difference was not found (p>0.05). Negative emotional appetite and situations scores of the patients were (M: 4.1±1.2; F: 3.3±1.5) found lower than the positive emotional appetite and situation scores (M: 6.1±0.7; F: 5.9±0.8). There was no significant difference between the positive emotion and situation scores of the individuals, and the negative scores and gender (p>0.05). Individuals with Type 2 diabetes should be maintained with nutrition education besides with multidisciplinary diet counselling for the treatment of the disease. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Dietary intake, Mediterranean diet. Emotional appetite