The war in Turkish novel (1839-1923)

War is the struggle of societies to obtain or to protect the values they have created throughout history. This struggle takes different forms and definitions depending on the development of humanity. The fact that a certain nation, together with its cultural and social structure, determines its own destiny in the geography where it lives, without being tied to any ethnic origin, is the cause or the result of war. Authorities, who use 'war' in settling matters, do not see or ignore the destruction and tragedy it leaves behind. All the formations created by being destroyed by this partially compulsory choice are conveyed through literature independently of the power of the authority. Since the efforts of existence play a decisive role in the historical journey of the Turkish nation, the realities experienced find their reflections in different genres in Turkish literature. The concepts of "hurt, shock, fear, anxiety, need for belonging, cultural degeneration, genocide, assimilation", which emerged after the nine wars that the Turkish nation entered between 1839 and 1923, and occurred after the tragic collapse, , and the political-psychological stages of the society starting from the individual were examined through 21 novels selected. The war-themed novels, which are specified by being on the front and centering those first affected by the war in their fiction, were discussed under the title of psychological phenomena by the "Thematic Analysis" method, which is based on expressing opinions on the relations between cultural, sociological, economic and political contexts that play a role in the formation of the literary work, and revealing the subtexts of the works. The main issue for the method, which examines the novel form from the author's point of view and transfers the existing order in the society to the literary form, is to reveal the relationship between the novel form and the structure of the social environment in which this form develops, and this approach determines the general framework of this study. In the context of determined approach, by using the literature sociology's and political psychology's sources, wars' causes the traumas, losts, disasters and tragedies extending from individual to society are found out in Turkish novels that centers the war in which the reality crosses with fiction. Keywords: War, Novel, Turkish Literature, Thematic Examination, Psychological Phenomenon