The demographic, clinical and laboratory features of ulcerative colitis and crohn disease and correlation of the findings with disease activity

AIM: In this study, it is aimed to determine the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in our region and demographic, clinical and laboratory findings and their correlation with disease activity. MATERIAL METHODS: Our study included 150 patients who admitted to Department of Gastroenterology of Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, of whom 103 were diagnosed as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). These patients? records were scanned retrospectively and demographic characteristics, clinical, endoscopic and laboratory features and their correlation with disease activity indices were investigated. RESULTS: Our study included 150 patients with the diagnosis of IBD of whom 103 patients were diagnosed as UC, 43 as CD and 4 as mixed type. The mean age of patients was 47 ? 17 years and 43.3% of the participants were women and 56.7% were male. First symptoms on admission were examined; 88.3% of patients with ulcerative colitis and 51.2% of patients with CD had diarrhea. Rectal bleeding was found in 79.6% of patients with UC 'and 44.2% of patients with CD and 76.7% of patients with UC and 97.7% with CD had abdominal pain. IBD was found in 21.4% of the first-degree relatives of patients with UC and 30.2% of patients with CD. The incidence of colon cancer in first degree relatives of patients with UC was found 7.8%, and was found 4.7% in patients with CD. When intestinal complications in patients were analyzed; fistula was found in 4.9%, of patient with UC and 14% of patients with CD, toxic megacolon was detected in 2.9% of patient with UC and 7% of patients with CD, colon cancer was detected in 1.9% of patient with UC and 2.3 % of patients with CD. Extraintestinal complications were evaluated: Arthritis-arthralgia was detected in 15.5% of patients with UC and 20.9% of patients with a diagnosis of CD, skin involvement was detected in 7.8 % of patients with UC in 11.6 % of patients with a diagnosis of CD, sclerosing cholangitis was detected in 3.9% of patients with UC in 4.7% of patients with a diagnosis of CD. According to the Mayo Index Score 40.8% patients with UC were assessed as in remission, 45.6% had an active stage, and 13.6% had a severe disease. According to the CDAI Score 37.2% of patients with CD were assessed as mild disease, 45.6% had an active stage, and 25.6% were assessed as severe disease. Sedimentation was found high in 100% and CRP was high in 78.6% of patients with severe disease stage UC. Sedimentation was found high in %72.7 of and CRP was high in all patients with CD. There is a statistically significant association with disease activity in patients with UC and CD and sedimentation rate (p = 0.001) and CRP (p = 0.001). When CEA values were.evaluated, normal CEA levels were found in 94.2% of patients with UC and 88.4% of patients with CD. When CA 19-9 values were.evaluated, normal CA 19-9 levels were found in %97,1 of patients with UC and %95,3 of patients with CD. We found no statistically significant association between disease activity index and both CEA and CA 19-9 values (CEA: UC p=0,456, CD p=0,187, CA 19-9: (UC p=0,164, CD p=0,324). CONCLUSION: 68.7% of patients with IBD was diagnosed as UC, 28.7% as CD, and the rest were mixed type. In patients with IBD, although varies the most common three symptoms of both with UC as well as CD is rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The incidence of IBD, is 21.4% in first-degree relatives with UC and, 30.2%, with CD. The incidence of colon cancer in CD is 2-fold higher when compared with UC. There is at least one extraintestinal symptom or finding in 30.6% of patients with IBD. The most common form of extraintestinal involvement is arthritis and/or arthralgia. There is statistically significant correlation with the severity of disease and ESR and CRP. The most common laboratory findings in patients with UC are iron deficiency anemia and cholestasis, while incidence of hypoalbuminemia is greater in CD. KEYWORDS: Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn Disease, Inflammatory bowel disease.