The sancak of Jerusalem in the 19th century and the governorship of Jerusalem by Şerif Mehmet Rauf Pasha

Due to its religious, cultural and strategic location, Jerusalem has come under the domination of many different states. Jerusalem, which was included in the Ottoman lands in 1516, was generally managed as a banner directly subordinate to the central government, although its status was changed occasionally after 1841. In the study, the activities of Şerif Mehmed Rauf Pasha, who served as the governor of Jerusalem between H.1294-1307 / M.1877-1889, and his ability to execute government policies in the region are explained. In order to eliminate the administrative weakness in the provinces, a management model directly subordinate to the central government has been adopted in strategically important regions such as Jerusalem. XIX. By explaining the political and administrative structure of the 19th century, it is aimed to shed light on the governorship period of Şerif Mehmed Rauf Pasha. Rauf Pasha, who was appointed to Jerusalem in 1877, when Jewish immigration was intense, is one of the most famous people who served in the Jerusalem Governorate. In the Governorate of Jerusalem, Sultan Abdulhamid II has been a successful practitioner of the policy change that began in the region with the handover. It has been very successful in limiting foreign presence and movements in the region, preventing Jewish immigration, resisting the land-buying activities of Zionist movements. The mentioned issues were evaluated in the light of the data obtained from the Ottoman Archives of the Presidency of State Archives and the Ottoman Province Yearbooks. As a result, Rauf Pasha's extensive public works activities were carried out in the Jerusalem Governorate, which lasted for 12 years. During this period, the old city was moved out of the walls and the city grew considerably with the new settlements created. These developments reflect the administrative performance of Rauf Pasha, a highly educated and experienced statesman. Keywords: Ottoman Empire, the Jerusalem Governorate of the XIX century, Jewish Emigration, Sherif Mehmed Rauf Pasha