The Sanjak of Jerusalem in the XVI. century

When we look at the origin of the name Jerusalem, it is understood that there are names attributed to peace and sanctity such as Urusalem (Salem / City of Peace), Beit al-Maqdis and Al-Quds (holy site). However, contrary to its name, the city has been subjected to many invasions and even massacres throughout history. The region is a religious pilgrimage site for the three Abrahamic religions. This shows the international and multicultural nature of the city. The city was captured by the Ottomans in the 16th century. The 16th century was a period of adaptation when the Ottoman rule and system became established in the region. However, most of the studies on Jerusalem have been conducted in the 19th century and later. Local studies on the 16th century have mostly focused on the population of the city. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the literature by filling this gap. This thesis tries to explain the population, settlement, architecture, economic situation, commercial, social and cultural structure, daily production and consumption, underground and aboveground resources, agriculture, animal husbandry, Ottoman administrative structure in the region, foundations, Bedouins in the region and their lives within the system, the presence of non-Muslims in the city and their daily lives, the places of worship of the three heavenly religions in the city, visitors to these places and tax revenues. Keywords: 16th Century; Ottoman; City; Jerusalem; Holiness.