Effects of the use of adobe in terms of building biology

Shelter is also an important need such as eating and drinking in human life. The construction of the shelter, which started with a transition from gathering to settled life, has been updated in parallel with the development and change of needs and has reached today. These handmade buildings, which was originally created with the use of natural materials acquired from the environment, has adapted to the development of the industry and technology, and has become an environment where newly produced building materials and techniques are used, and the construction transforms from horizontal to vertical. While transitioning from traditional to industrial materials and construction technology, in order to close the building gap after World War II, construct the building only by considering its carrier caused the people to get sick living in it. People who spend most of their time in indoor environments experience various ailments due to various air pollutants occurring in the space, inadequate indoor comfort and negative sociological, psychological and biological effects of the space. These ailments are called as Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and the effects that do not disappear and persistence may cause serious ailments and death. As a result of the evidence that buildings can make people sick, Construction Biology Science, which investigates the effects of buildings on human health and environment, and determines the certain principles (ideal comfort requirements and adaptation to environmental data such as air, humidity, heat, lighting, sound, electroclimate) for the formation of the structure that harmonizes the user and the environment, was formed. As a result of the disruption of the nature, environmental pollution, gradual depletion of the resources on earth, epidemic diseases experienced, a sector that is aware of the world as a result of economic difficulties, is looking for a healthy and natural place where they can live their lives. The aim of the study is to ensure that this consciousness spreads further, to draw attention to the formation of today's constructional diseases, to explain the suitability of adobe which is a natural material for healthy building formation and to make it a preferable material in today's modern construction. Within the scope of the study created as a result of the literature review, adobe was handled with all its features, its effects in terms of building biology were examined by focusing on the user and the environment, and its useful aspects were tried to be brought to the fore and suggestions were made to update its technology. Processing of the work; In the second part, the definition of building biology, its purpose, its emergence, the relationship between structure and health are explained and the occurrence of structure-borne diseases are mentioned. In the third part, building and human issues are discussed within the scope of building biology and principles of building biology are explained. By mentioning the working areas and objectives of the Institute of Building Biology and Ecology, the elements affecting health in the buildings are listed and indoor air pollution, symptoms, causes, and effects on user health, which affect the health in the most, are explained. In the fourth part, the natural structures are mentioned and the soil structure and its development related to mudbrick is explained. The definition, formation, composition, construction methods and systems of the adobe, which is a natural building material, its physical and mechanical properties in the space, the biological effects it provides, the positive and negative aspects of its use, and the update suggestions that can be made in its technology to be preferred in today's and future construction sector are explained. In the fifth part, the effects of adobe use in terms of building biology principles are evaluated and interpreted with a focus on user and environment. Kadıovacık Biohouse, which is a modern mud brick building, has been evaluated in terms of its compliance with the principles of building biology. In the discussion section, the use of adobe, which is the purpose of the study; Suggestions have been made by discussing with the thoughts in the other studies and supporting the argument that it has a positive effect on many aspects such as health, environment and economy. In the study, it was concluded that the adobe alone can provide all the comfort features that can be expected from a building material and is energy efficient. With these features, the importance of adobe for health and also for individual and national economy is also emphasized. Suggestions have been made based on the findings in the study to ensure that the adobe is re-accepted and preferred for the present and future construction. Keywords: Building biology, adobe, soil structure, bioclimatic structure analysis, healthy structure