Time, cost and safety risk optimization in construction project

Construction projects are inherently complex, necessitating the precise coordination of numerous interconnected factors to achieve successful outcomes. Among these, time, cost, and safety risk are the most critical and often conflicting objectives. This thesis addresses the Time-Cost-Risk Trade-off (TCRT) problem in construction project management through a multi-objective optimization approach. The study explores the application of advanced metaheuristic algorithms, focusing specifically on the Non-Dominated Sorting II (NDS-II) framework combined with the Jaya algorithm to form the NDSII-Jaya. The proposed NDSII-Jaya algorithm is applied on four construction case studies of varying complexity, optimizing for project duration, cost, and safety-related risks. The results demonstrate the algorithm's ability to generate diverse and well-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions, outperforming other existing methods in terms of solution quality, convergence, and hypervolume indicators. This research contributes to both academic literature and practical construction management by offering a robust, parameter-free optimization model capable of supporting better-informed decision-making in project planning and execution.