Evaluation of government models in the perspective of new public administration understanding

Public administration is a system that responds to the demands and needs of society, develops policies to solve problems and implements them with public goods and services. Public administration, which has elements such as people, organization, public policy, norm, order, financial resources and public officials, aims to define these within the administration system, explain its boundaries and meet the needs of the society in the best way. Studies on the development of public administration thought generally emphasize the evaluation of public administration as a separate discipline. The traditional public administration approach was built on a centralist structure with a rigid organizational structure, rigid hierarchy and bureaucracy-oriented operability. The new public administration approach, which emerged in the 1980s, especially in the Anglo-Saxon geography, was built on a flexible organizational structure, flexible hierarchy, market-oriented operability. It has a decentralized structure. It emphasizes the integration of private sector administration techniques into public sector administration techniques. The emergence of the New Right movement is one of the main actors in the adoption of the new understanding. Therefore, it is in a position opposite to the traditional understanding of public administration. This change and transformation in public administration has also spread to government models. The new public administration approach has found different application areas in the presidential system where the executive body is strong, in the parliamentary system where the executive body is under control, and in the semi-presidential system where the balance of power is observed in the executive body. Along with the 2007 constitutional amendment, Turkey adopted the regulations that stipulate the election of the president by the people, and the transition to the Presidential System of Government and the new system was adopted as a result of the elections held in 2018. This system, inspired by the classical presidential system however, has unique features because it is called the "Turkish Type". This new system, which has various advantages and disadvantages as in every system, gives positive impressions for the implementation of the new public administration approach, especially with the new structures created in the presidential organization. To see the course of these impressions more clearly, it is necessary to allow time for the implementation of the system.