Yeni nesil bir kardiyak yamanın hazırlanması ve karakterizasyonu

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths worldwide, CVDs-based myocardial defects lead to mechanical, electrical, and structural dysfunctions in the heart. Therefore, cardiac patches hold great promise for the treatment of myocardial defects. In this thesis, we developed a bilayered cardiac patch comprising a first layer of polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticle coated decellularized pericardium and a second layer of a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA))/gelatin electrospun membrane containing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hawthorn extract. For the second layer, membranes having the fiber diameters between 850-1200 nm demonstrated the controlled release behaviour within 28 days. Following the layers were prepared and characterized separately, they were integrated via a biocompatible tissue adhesive. The bilayered cardiac patch demonstrated the conductivity of 9.093±8.6x10-4 S/cm, anticoagulant ability of 331±65.1 APTT time, tensile strength of 22.70±6.33 MPa, elongation of %53.58±10.63, hemolysis ratio of %0.421±0.191, and over 90% cell viability with cardiomyocytes. In the final part of thesis, cardiac patch efficiency was investigated in rat myocardial infarction (MI) model for 28 days. The patch implanted groups demonstrated an improvement in cardiac functions, with fractional shortening increasing from 44.35% to 50.46% and ejection fraction rising from 80.73% to 87.99% when compared to the MI group. The heart sections were histologically examined by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) and Masson's Trichrome staining, scar sizes and left ventricle wall thickness were determined for all groups. The immunofluorescence staining was applied to determine the vessel formations, actin filaments of muscle cells, cardiac cells and macrophage markers using von Willebrand Factor (vwf), αSMA, CD31, GATA4 CD34, and CD68 antibodies. The obtained results support the proposed cardiac patch can be a promising candidate for the treatment of myocardial defects.