Harmonic analysis in renewable energy systems

Some elements connected to the power circuits may distort sinusoidal waveforms depending on their characteristics and may, therefore, produce deviations. Deviation from full sinusoidal is expressed by harmonics. The main reason for the appearance of harmonics is the non-linearity in electric and magnetic circuits. To talk about quality electric energy, the voltage, current, frequency, and amplitude remain at nominal value at a specified point of the network, and the waveform is in the form of full sinusoidal. In contrast to this definition, it indicates that the energy is of poor quality and these include divergence of wave shape, frequency changes, fluctuations in the amplitude of the voltage, energy interruptions, pulse in the voltage, DC component in the voltage, phase imbalances among the three phases. The energy quality always influences the output loads and receivers distorting the sinusoidal wave. Poor energy quality means that divergence of the waveform from the sinusoidal, change of amplitude, interruptions, a shift in frequency, voltage pulses, voltage containing dc offset, imbalance of three phase. The energy quality is often degraded by the load which distorts the sinusoidal wave shape. The quality of energy in the production and distribution of electricity is a crucial factor regarding consumers. For this reason, it is possible to do energy production without harmonics or to design with new and developing technology. Some problems can be experienced in energy production made with renewable energy sources (such as the absence of continuous solar radiation and heat in solar energy systems). Problems such as delayed response of the control system in the renewable energy systems, distorted and harmonic energy production have been tried to be solved in this thesis. First, electricity from the solar energy system is generated and the response time of this energy to the grid voltage is minimized. With the help of these filters produced, the harmonic levels of the energy produced, are reduced to acceptable levels. Also, about 50kW of energy can be drawn from the output of the system. In part supervising the system, the most appropriate solution method is found by comparing the conventional PID with the fractional PID.