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Turkey's reading (R)evolution a study on books, readers and translation: 1840-1940
This study explores the pioneering role of translation in the reading revolution the Ottoman-Turkish society went through in the period between 1840 and 1940. The rapid popularization of the novel shortly following its entry into Turkey via translation and the impetus this provided for the formation of a readership are the main reasons for choosing novels as the case in point. By attempting to discover what the readers in the period 1840 and 1940 were reading and how they could have selected, viewed and read, this study is designed to answer specific questions on readers and their reading habits based on a tripartite research structure consisting of production, marketing and consumption phases. For the production phase, a catalogue of translated and indigenous novels published in 1840 and 1940 is established. The bibliographical analysis reveals that a high proportion (46%) of the novels consisted of translated titles. This predominance is the first striking evidence of the formative role of translation in the reading revolution. The advertisements published in catalogues, newspapers and journals are studied as an intermediary between production and consumption phases. They serve as primary sources to reflect the historical context and reveal the characteristics of the strategies that were used while marketing translated and indigenous titles both synchronically and diachronically. The high frequency of the advertisements for translated titles, moreover, contributes to the main argument of the dissertation, i.e. the popularity of the translations among the readers. The consumption phase is studied through readers? letters, biographical accounts and visual representations. These materials are important to illustrate readers? active involvement in the process and how their participation shaped and was shaped by the production and marketing phases.
Revenue neutral tax reforms in a DSGE model with home production and infinitely lived agents
The subject of this thesis is to explore the effects of two revenue neutral tax reforms on equity, efficieny and welfare of the society. In order to do this a DSGE model with infinitely lived agents and uninsurable idiosycnratic productivity shocks is constructed. This model is calibrated to match the macroeconomic aggregates and distributional statistics of the US economy in the period 2001-2008. In the benchmark model a progressive tax on income and a flat tax on consumption is levied.Next the first tax reform is applied to the model economy. With the first tax reform progressive income taxation is replaced with a revenue neutral flat income tax and the flat consumption tax is kept in place. This tax reform causes macroeconomic aggregates to increase, however due to the largely inequitable income distribution of agents in the model, total welfare of households decreases. As expected wealth distribution of the society becomes less equitable.Finally the effects of the second revenue neutral tax reform are investigated. In this tax reform, income taxation is abolished and the flat tax rate on consumption is increased to a higher rate which ensures revenue neutrality. This tax reform increases macroeconomic aggregates and total welfare of the society. As a result of this tax reform, wealth distribution of the society becomes slightly more equitable.
Involvement of illiterate mothers in their children's education
The aim of this study is to reveal the views, suggestions and barriers of illiterate mothers to be involved in their children?s education and how being illiterate influences their participation in the education process of their children.By using qualitative research method, the research is carried out with ten illiterate mothers participated in literacy course in a public education center. The most important characteristics of participants are being illiterate and having school aged children. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with the participants.Findings from the study indicate that illiterate mothers are identified by analyzing the extent of mothers involvement from four types of involvement such as parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home. There are a number of factors that influence involvement of illiterate mothers. These factors are stated as personal or psychological factors such as parental role, educational aspirations, self-efficacy, knowledge of being involved in the academic life of their children; contextual factors such as school climate, social support and barriers; socicultural factors as demographic variables of illiterate mothers. Maternal time spent with the child and mother employment are another additional factors accepted as sociocultural factors that influence the involvement of illiterate mothers.In the light of the findings from this research, illiterate mothers are aware of the importance of their involvement in their children?s education and being illiterate is the greatest barrier for them to be involved in their children?s education. They have a high self awareness of their own responsibilities and desire to be influential in their children?s education.According to their responses, they need to learn reading and writing in order to be influential in children?s learning.They hold high academic aspirations for their children.They encourage their children to continue their education process and get a profession at the end of this process. Illiterate mothers want to take an active part in the education process of their children so that children reach academic aspirations. They state the most important reason to participate in literacy course as the desire to be influential in their children?s education.
The relationship between perceived parental acceptance rejection and children's psychological adjustment in the context of parental power and prestige in a Turkish youth sample
The present study investigates the relationship and association between perceived paternal and maternal acceptance, and children's psychological adjustment in the context of Parental Power and Prestige among 306 high school students in İstanbul. The mean age of the total sample is 17.23 with a range from age 16 to age 20.The Personal Data Sheet, Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire- Child Short Form (Child PARQ-Turkish Short Form), Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ-Turkish Form), and Parental Power Prestige Questionnaire (3PQ-Turkish Form) were used for data collection.Data analysis was conducted through SPSS and Regression Analysis. Results showed that there are significant gender differences concerning children's perceptions of maternal and paternal rejection, with higher scores for boys.Boys are attributing power and prestige to their fathers more than girls. Results showed that the influence of perceived acceptance on youth?s adjustment tended to be greater, depending on which parent was perceived by the youth to have prestige. The strongest overall contribution of parental acceptance and rejection to youth?s psychological adjustment was made in families where fathers were perceived to have higher prestige than mothers.
The student-centered education and knowledge economy
This thesis investigates the implications and assumptions of the student-centered education model, which was embarked at the primary school level in 2005. The reforms and policies regarding the education models attempt to cultivate a specific model of self as the educated subject, which is envisioned as to contribute to the socio-economic development being adapted and productive. This thesis aims at analyzing the student centered education model from such a view point, acknowledging that it promotes an ideal image of self. It asks the questions what the idealized qualities of self are; who the educated subject is; how these correlate with the current political economy settlement; and, what kind of a rationality of government do all of these establish. Through these questions, it targets to investigate the correlations of the idealized subjectivity in the student-centered education model with the assumptions and requirements of knowledge economy and the neoliberal regime of government. In this framework, the promoted skills and attainments of learners in the curriculum are scrutinized and they are compared with the idealized qualities of a knowledge economy worker which are mentioned in the international sources. Here, the importance and implications of the abilities such as problem solving, learning to learn, creativity, flexibility, entrepreneurship, and communication are discussed. It is also argued that the qualities of self responsibility, self actualization and self consciousness are promoted in the student centered education as the underlying features of subjectivity and government of self. In this respect, this thesis makes the claim that student-centered education model expects to produce self-governing individuals, attempting to establish the neoliberal regime of government in schools. From a more general aspect, this pedagogical arrangement targets to produce ideal subjects for the development and well-functioning of knowledge economy; and, for this purpose, it employs the neoliberal regime of government.
Coğrafi bilgi sistemlerinin (CBS) İstanbul belediyelerinde yaygınlığı
This study aims to develop a better understanding of diffusion of Geographic Information System (GIS) within municipalities and examines the infrastructure of İstanbul municipalities and whether they are ready for this technology or not. Moreover, failure and success factors of implementation of GIS have been analyzed in this study.This study has two research methods: The first one comprises interviews with the experts of GIS in Turkey. The second one comprises questionnaires conducted with GIS-related departments of İstanbul municipalities. 39 local municipalities and İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality have participated in this questionnaire. Data collected online from these municipalities have been analyzed by using descriptive statistics, reliability tests, Anova and regression to test the hypotheses and provide the findings.One of the findings is that almost half of the municipalities, which have started to implement GIS, do this without a vision or a plan for the future. Another finding is that GIS is mainly used to perform registration and maintenance functions instead of supporting the decision-making process. Although many of the municipalities accept the superiority of GIS tools over Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools, they are used to employing CAD tools. The main criteria for successful GIS projects are employee, managerial and budget considerations whereas the main problems about GIS projects are employee, budget and data constraints. Finally, there is an optimistic expectation of municipalities regarding the use of GIS in the future.
Painting, artistic patronage and criticism in the public sphere: A study of the Ottoman Society of Painters, 1909-1918
This study examines the Ottoman Society of Painters, and traces the history of its first nine years, from its foundation in 1909 until the demise of the Empire in 1918. The position of the Ottoman Society of Painters in the late-Ottoman cultural milieu was certainly a significant one. As an artistic organization, run by the graduates and students of the Academy of Fine Arts, it published the first art journal of the Empire, and contributed to the painting exhibitions organized in Istanbul and in Vienna during the First World War.The final decade of the Ottoman Empire was indeed a unique decade, and it is the objective of this study to understand the Society and their art as part of these `catastrophic? years; the years that witnessed revolutions, rebellions, nationalistic agendas, wars and massacres. This thesis firstly explores the historical and artistic specifics that lead to the foundation of the Society, and then, focuses on the key themes and debates of its journal, in an attempt to understand how contemporary political circumstances, such as the Balkan Wars and the nationalist agenda of the CUP, influenced the fabric of the Journal itself. The last chapter looks at Ottoman visual culture during World War I and explores the responses of the Society?s painters to this disastrous war and its extraordinary conditions.
Financial and strategic overview of the banking system
The aim of this study is to give a financial and strategic overview of the Banking System. In the first part the profitability of the banking system in emerging markets is analyzed. The determinants of bank profitability is analyzed with the data from 195 banks from 9 emerging countries between the years 2005-2010 by using the fixed effect panel data. In the second part Turkish Banking System is analyzed from two different perspectives. First the lending relationship between small and medium size enterprises and the banks is studied and then the efficiency of the Turkish banks is examined. The lending relationship between SMEs and banks is analyzed by using the survey data collected from 204 SMEs by using the OLS methodology. Finally the efficiency scores of the 30 commercial banks are measured by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) between the years 2007-2010. The efficiency differences of domestic and foreign banks and the effects of 2008 financial are analyzed.
The politics of uncertainty in a global market: The hazelnut exchange and its production
The dissertation examines the hazelnut market in Turkey and explores the interaction between the market agents. It reveals how this interaction relates to the presence, production and circulation of forms of uncertainty. It also ascertains what uncertainty means in market settings and what role production, representation, dissemination and limiting of uncertainty play in market relations.In market relations, intentionally or unintentionally, individuals try to forecast, value, prevent and qualify (as risk or loss) uncertainties. They assume that they can perceive, measure and avoid uncertainties on the basis of probabilities, level of knowledge about unknowns or ability to overcome. As such, uncertainty is assumed to be given yet with inadequate attention into its constitutive dynamics, actors of its making and its role in the market creation. The dissertation examines how uncertainties are constructed and what role this construction plays in constituting the market exchange and relations. The conclusions reached are that economizing uncertainty becomes a market device in production, exchange, circulation, pricing and policy making.The dissertation starts with an analysis of the market reform policies and agricultural transformation in Turkey. Next, it traces the processes of the production and calculation of hazelnuts, examining how hazelnuts are produced and measured under uncertainty, and how uncertainty is created in the calculation of hazelnuts. It then explains exchange relations and price politics created at different spheres and with different expectations. After that, it explores the struggles and controversies among market groups over the production, calculation, exchange and pricing of hazelnuts and policy making. Subsequently, it analyzes what the politics of uncertainty means and how it is produced in the market setting.Following uncertainties and observing their making in markets require a research program that draws on literatures concerning economics, political science and sociology. The research program includes the discussion of material things, individuals, formal and informal institutions and prices as well as their interactions. The research was based primarily on qualitative interviews, participant observations, case studies and document analysis conducted between 2006 and 2009.
Adoption factors of electronic health record systems
Today?s rapidly changing regulations, increasing healthcare costs and most importantly, globalization has made health record keeping an important issue. Electronic Health Record systems are on the rise as a crucial and unavoidable way of record keeping for healthcare. However as do other information technology implementations, Electronic Health Records also have their own adoption processes and diffusion factors. The main goal of this study is to define a model to analyze the adoption process of Electronic Health Records systems and to understand its diffusion factors.The results of the study indicate that there are different factors affecting the adoption process of via a literature research and quantitative field survey. The model has been tested and constructs have been grouped under intermediary, dependent and external factors.