Dystopic space in Western painting

The subject of this research is to examine dystopian space in Western painting. Based on this issue, it was decided to conduct the research as a literature review. Therefore, in the first part of the research, introductory information is presented, and in the second part, the concepts of utopia and dystopia are introduced and Thomas More's Utopia and Yevgeni Ivanovich Zamyat's novel "We" are introduced. In the third chapter, an explanation is given about the concept of space. Additionally, in the fourth part of the research, information is given about space in Western painting and the reflections of utopia and dystopia on space in Western painting. When the studies on the development of space in painting are examined, it has been determined that social and cultural characteristics, belief systems, and developments in science and philosophy are effective in the development of space. When the works on Western painting are examined, it is determined that the spaces used in these works vary according to periods. However, although these topics and places vary according to periods, the use of dystopian spaces has manifested itself in almost every period. For example; Although A. Lorenzetti's painting "City by the Sea" was painted in the Middle Ages, it draws attention because it was painted in a period when the idea of utopia had not yet been named. Additionally, the "Utopia Map" made by Hobein shows that the use of dystopian space in painting was also used in the Renaissance. Additionally, the works "Ideal City Urbino" attributed to Laurana and "Baltimore" attributed to Carnavale are also from the 15th century. It reflects ideal and regular city use according to its conditions. In addition, Bosch's works "The Garden of Worldly Delights" and "The Last Judgment" are also important because they appeared in these years. The use of dystopian space in Western painting also showed itself in the following years, and Bruegel's "Land of Cockaigne" and "Tower of Babel" were used in the 16th century. can be shown among his works. Also, Snayer's "The Siege of Aire - Sur - La - Lys" 17th century. and Cole's "Arcadian Style or Rural State" and Böcklin's "Island of the Dead" 19th century. can be given as examples of his works. Additionally, Meidner's "The Burning City", Gross's "The Funeral", Beckmann's "Night", Carra's "The Funeral of the Anarchist Galli" can be cited as examples of artists who used dystopian space in painting in the early 20th century. Keywords: Western painting, Utopia, Dystopia, Space, Dystopian space