An examination of the effects of an eight-week fundamental gymnastics training and play program on physical fitness and motor development in boys and girls aged 6–9 years

This study was conducted within the framework of an experimental design based on a quantitative research method and aimed to examine the effects of an eight-week fundamental gymnastics and game-based training program on the physical fitness levels and motor development of children aged 6–9 years. A single-group pre-test–post-test model, one of the experimental designs, was employed. The independent variable of the research was the fundamental gymnastics and game-based program. In contrast, the dependent variables included physical fitness components such as endurance, strength, and flexibility and motor skills such as balance, agility, and coordination. The study population consisted of children aged 6–9 years attending gymnastics clubs in a provincial centre, and the sample comprised 40 volunteers (21 girls and 19 boys). The study group was determined through convenience sampling, considering criteria such as age range, regular attendance at the club, absence of physical or mental disability, voluntary participation, and consistent attendance throughout the eight-week program. Data collection involved standardised tests, including the sit-and-reach test, standing long jump, handgrip strength, trunk flexibility, and bent-arm hang. Instruments such as the Techfit digital scale, fixed stadiometer, and TKK digital dynamometer were utilised. The training program was implemented twice a week, with 40–60 minute sessions totalling 16 classes, and all measurements were conducted under identical conditions before and after the intervention. The data obtained were analysed using the SPSS software package, and paired-samples t-tests were applied to assess pre-test and post-test differences, with a significance level set at p < .05. The findings revealed that fundamental gymnastics and game-based activities produced significant improvements in children's physical fitness and motor skills. Accordingly, it is recommended that gymnastics-based programs be systematically integrated into primary school curricula, with a stronger emphasis on flexibility, strength, and balance.