Clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with covid-19 applying to the emergency service with symptoms of acute renal failure

Hematologic, biochemical, and immunologic biomarker abnormalities have been shown to be associated with the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, early evaluation and monitoring of hematologic parameters, along with both liver and kidney functions, are crucial for predicting the progression of COVID-19. Hence, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department with acute kidney injury (AKI) findings in our study. Patients who presented with COVID-19 and concomitant AKI complaints to the emergency department between March 2020 and March 2022 were included. Demographic data, laboratory tests, and 1-year mortality information of the patients were used as data in our study. Data were obtained using the hospital information management system, death notification system, and by telephone communication. Hemodialysis was performed in 4 patients (2.8%), and 46 patients (31.7%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Regarding mortality, 35 patients (24.1%) were found to have died. ICU admission had a higher mean age (75.15 years) compared to patients without ICU admission (56.45 years). DM, HT, COPD, and CHF were found to be associated with ICU admission (p<0.050). Laboratory results of the patients included in the study were also found to be associated with ICU admission. (WBC, CRP, HGB, NLR, INR, GFR, BUN, Urea, CRE, HCO3, and Lymphocyte). DM was present in 17 (48.6%) of the ex-ICU patients and 28 (25.5%) of the non-ex-ICU patients, and a statistically significant difference was found (p=0.010). Laboratory results of the patients included in the study were found to be associated with mortality (WBC, CRP, HGB, NLR, INR, GFR, BUN, Urea, CRE). In our study, AKI accompanying COVID-19 was more common in male patients, while disease severity and mortality were higher in female patients. We believe that the presence of chronic diseases and laboratory tests (WBC, CRP, HGB, NLR, INR, GFR, BUN, Urea, CRE) can be useful in predicting the severity of AKI and mortality associated with COVID-19.