Anti müllerian hormonun sıçanlarda follikül gelişimi üzerine etkilerinin ışık ve elektron mikroskobik düzeyde değerlendirilmesi

Introduction: Evaluation of the probable light and electron microscopic effects of anti-Müllerian hormone that has an inhibitory role on follicular development among the autocrine and paracrine growth factors was aimed.Materials and Methods: Twenty adult female rats used in the research were divided in 4 groups. First day all rats in all groups were injected 10 IU PMSG intraperitonealy at 0800 o?clock and after 48 hours 10 IU hCG was injected intraperitonealy for estrus cycles syncronisation. Control group was injected with only 0,5 ml saline, 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were injected intraperitonealy 1 µgr, 2 µgr ve 5 µgr recombinant human MIS/CF respectively after PMSG injection in the first day. Third day, after the hCG injection anestesia was performed with intramuscular ketamine ve xylasine injection. The intracardiac blood samples were taken from the rats under anestesia for measurement of the serum FSH, LH, estrogen and progesteron levels. Ovarian samples were obtained for light and electron microscopic evaluations and micrographs were prepared by Jeol 1400 TEM and Nikon light microscopy. Morphometric analyses were made from serial sections for primordial follicules, developing follicules, cystic follicules, atretic follicules and statistical analyses were performed by using Kruskal Wallis tests.Results: When light and electron microscopic findings were evaluated; parallely with an increased dose of AMH, secondary follicle number decrease, atretic follicle number increase, atresia of granulosa cells developed by apoptosis of granulosa cells characterized by apoptotic bodies and paraptosis characterised by the vacuole formation in the cytoplasm, expansion of granular endoplasmic reticulum cisternas and perinuclear cisternas were seen. Premature luteinisation of the granulosa cells characterized by widespread lipid droplets, agranüler endoplasmic reticulum cisterna and mitochondria with tubular type cristae in some follicles which had not ovulated were occured. Cystic follicles chacterised with a large antrum, thinned stratum granulosum layer and flattened granulosa cells that faced with antral cavity were observed in the AMH injected experimental groups,. Structure of corpus luteum and stroma were similar in all groups.Conclusion: It is concluded that increasing doses of AMH caused atresia via apoptosis or paraptosis, premature luteinisation of granulosa cells in the developing follicles and cystic follicle formation in the tertiary follicules.Key words: Anti Müllerian Hormone, Folliculogenesis, Oocyte, Ovary.