Investigation of physiologic, biochemical and gene expression level changes caused by Phelipanche ramosa (L.) pomel and salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) heynh.

Broomrape (Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.) is a root holoparasitic plant which is devoid of photosynthetic ability, needs host plant for water, organic carbon and nitrogen. Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel which is involved in broomrapes causes high yield losses on plants such as tomato, eggplant, potato, tobacco, hemp, oil rapeseed, lentil and melon. Salinity which is an important abiotic stress, affects 20 % of land area and approximately 50 % of irrigated area in world.In this study, alteration in content of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid pigments, lipid peroxidation content, activities of SOD, POX, CAT, APX and GR enzymes and relative expression levels of COR78, COR6.6, RD29B, PR1, PDF1.2, GOLS3 and GST1 genes caused by P. ramosa and salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. was researched.All groups studied the effects of NaCl, infection, and infection with NaCl in Arabidopsis plant, it was determined that activities of antioxidative defense system enzymes, such as SOD, POX, CAT and GR, was increased whereas pigment content of plants was decreased.The inducing of COR78, COR6.6 and GOLS3 genes except RD29B depends on time in every three groups compared with control plants indicates that the synthesis of osmoprotectants starts and so the water loss might be prevented. The increase of PDF1.2 gene expression in Arabidopsis plants, indicates that pathway of ethylene- and JA-dependent defense system is induced; the inhibition of PR1 gene indicates that SA dependent defense system could be inhibited. The inducing of GST1 gene also indicates that oxidative stress is occurred.