The Latrines which in models of West Anatolian and Metropolis bath-Gymnasium complex

ABSTRACT According to the results of excavations and researches, latrine - a term which entered the ancient architecture literature long time ago- that is, public toilets of the Rome Empire have a past of 3000 years as an architectural plan and origin. These first water closets were not publicly used, they were unually found in houses and places. In the Roman Period, rapid urbanization, inefficiency in house type water closets and collective life, latrines became an obligation rather than a simple need. There are different types of latrines due to the functional differences in architecture and sewage water system. In the whole Mediterranean world, We can talk about basically 6 different types (1- Peristyle, 2- Eksedra, 3- 1, 4- U, 5- L, 6- Round) In the Anatolia, there are 5 types, except the round one. In the Western Anatolia, specifically, among examples worked on, there are 5 "U" type, 4 "Peristyle" type, 1 "L", and 1 "I" type. The basic functioning of latrines was based on canals of waste and clean water that passed under or in front of the customers sat on closets made of wooden or marble. The canal of waste water was passing under the closets and it had a cleaning role; the clean water canal passing just in front of the closets was used by the customers for cleanliness. Clean water in these canals were always recycling and the canals were being cleaned systematically. Latrines had another important mission, besides this basic need, they were providing the socialization among citizens. These buildings constructed in the icrucialt points of the city, such as gymnasiums and main streets were among the most important buildings used collectively like the theater, the bouleuterion, the stoa and the temple. We know that in some periods, people paid a little fee for latrines which can be used by 100 people in the same time. These public buildings were symbolizing the richness and grandeur of Rome and were cleaned by Roman workers. VIThese buildings were open to the collective use of both women, men and children until the Byzantine Period, In the Early Byzantine period, they were separated, one part for men, the other part for women, their usage ended in the 6th century A.D. in the Western Anatolia.