The influence of mysticism on Arabic poetry in the period of Ben-i Ahmar and the example of Abu’l Hasan al-Shushtari

The Andalusian Umayyad State, which was established as a result of Islamic conquests and the advance to the west, survived for about eight centuries and was instrumental in the fusion of many cultures and the emergence of differences. This rich interaction created cultural, social and artistic effects. Poetry, one of the artistic influences, has expanded its field and created new phenomena. Although all this richness should be explored, there are not enough studies on the Ben-i Ahmer period and Hasan al-Shushtari, one of the poets. The scarcity of information that will enable us to understand the phenomenon of Sufism in the Ben-i Ahmer period of Andalusia has led us to shed light on this period and to research the precious poet Hasan al-Shushtari. We aimed to investigate the political, ideological and social conditions of this long state, especially in the last period of the Ben-i Ahmar period, and to discuss the phenomenon of Sufism and its contributions to Arabic literature. At the same time, we aimed to describe the life and works of the Sufi poet Hasan al-Shushtari and his contribution to Sufism. As a matter of fact, he was a poet who went beyond the social norms and was subjected to harsh criticism as well as admiration. The main subject of our study is the effects of Sufism on poetry during the Ben-i Ahmer period and the Sufi approach and poems of Hasan al-Shushtari, whom we can consider as an example. The Ben-i Ahmer period is discussed with its general outlines and historical process, and information about Sufi poets is given. The Ben-i Ahmer period is discussed with its general outlines and historical process, and information about Sufi poets is given. The reasons for the criticism and admiration to which Hasan al-Shushtari was subjected are discussed, and the content of his poems and what Sufi richness has brought to literature are evaluated.