Effects of bentonite, zeolite nanoparticules and bentonite-zeolite nanocomposite on melanoma cells

In this study; the effects of bentonite nanoparticles and zeolite 4A nanoparticles and their nanocomposites on melanoma cells were investigated. Human G361 melanoma cell line was used in the study. The viability measurements were made by MTT viability test after 24 hours incubation by applying bentonite and zeolite 4A nanoparticles both separately and as nanocomposite at different concentration ranges determined in flasks to melanoma cells grown by appropriate number of passages. Cytotoxic doses and effective doses (IC50) were determined for bentonite, zeolite 4A nanoparticles and nanocomposites. In addition, the cell lysates were analyzed for apoptosis by ELISA technique and caspase-3 levels were evaluated. In the analyzes, bentonite and zeolite 4A nanoparticles showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in G361 melanoma cells both separately and in composite form. These two agents showed a synergistic effect in the nanocomposite state, thereby potentiating the cytotoxic effect of each other, allowing the effective doses needed for both to be reduced. In addition, these agents did not alter caspase-3 levels despite cytotoxicity. This suggests that the cytotoxicity seen with these agents is caused by different pathways than apoptosis such as necosis or that it does not use the caspase-3 cascade when going to apoptosis. Further studies are needed to clarify this.