Synthesis and characterization of polymeric compounds modified with benzimidazole-2-thione and benzimidazole-2-selenone and their use as anode electrode in li-ion batteries

Organic materials have emerged as promising candidates for anode materials in Li-ion batteries, offering unique properties and advantages over their traditional inorganic counterparts. This thesis investigates organic materials as anode materials in energy storage devices, focusing on their applications in lithium-ion batteries. The scope of the study primarily aims to synthesize benzimidazolium compounds, organosulfur (thiourea) and organoselene (selenourea) compounds, benzimidazole-2-thione, and benzimidazole-2-selenone, and to convert them into polymeric structures. The advantages, challenges, and ongoing developments in this field are reviewed, and the potential of organic anode materials to achieve higher energy density, improved cycling stability, and environmental sustainability is emphasized. Comprehensive analysis of organic anode materials provides insight into their electrochemical performance, electrode reaction mechanisms, molecular structure modification to improve their efficiency and performance, electrolyte optimization, binder selection, and electrode architecture design strategies. In addition, future research in organic anode materials should focus on overcoming limitations such as low energy density, cycling stability, poor discharge capability, and potential safety concerns, and improving their performance. This will require improving structural stability, conductivity, cycle life, and capacity decay, discovering new redox-active organic compounds, and paving the way for next-generation high-performance energy storage devices. The development of scalable and economical manufacturing processes is also important for organic anode materials to become commercially viable. Studies carried out within the scope of this thesis: 1) 6 organosulfur compounds, bezimidazole-2-thione (NHC-S) compounds (1a-f) were synthesized. 2) 2 organoselene compounds, bezimidazole-2-selenone (NHC-Se) compounds (2c-d) were synthesized. 3) Polymeric anode materials (3a-f) were synthesized from 6 MWCNT-NHC-S compounds. 4) Polymeric anode materials (4c and 4d) were synthesized from 2 MWCNT-NHC-Se compounds. 5) The structures of all MWCNT-NHC-S (3a-f) and MWCNT-NHC-Se (4c and 4d) compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopic methods as well as elemental analysis techniques. 6) The structures of all MWCNT-NHC-S (3a-f) and MWCNT-NHC-Se (4c and 4d) compounds were characterized using FTIR and TGA techniques. 7) Battery measurements were made for all MWCNT-NHC-S (3a-f) and MWCNT-NHC-Se (4c and 4d) compounds as anode materials in Li-Ion batteries.