Determination of electrical energy saving potential based on lighting and heating in a public building

In this thesis study, the electrical consumption of the lighting and heating systems used in the office environments in the Bursa Yıldırım District Governorship building, which is a public building within the scope of building energy efficiency, the effects of indoor conditions and user behaviors on energy consumption are evaluated with experimental methods. The study is carried out in three different office rooms positioned on the east and west facades. The determination of the user effect and the type of luminaire used on energy consumption is investigated with different scenarios applied for each office. The measurements are made through a microcontroller-based system; this system included a light intensity sensor, a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a real-time clock module, an energy analyzer and a serial converter connected to it. The collected data is recorded in real time at certain time intervals with the help of a memory card module. Three different lighting scenarios are applied to each room during the study and each scenario is continued for one week. In the first week, fluorescent luminaires are installed in the rooms, and in the second week, LED luminaires of the same dimensions are installed instead of fluorescent luminaires and measurements are made. In the third week, the number of LED luminaires is halved and their positions in the rooms are changed. During all these scenarios, environmental and behavioral data such as light intensity, temperature and user presence are collected, as well as electrical data such as current, voltage, active power, frequency and power factor drawn by lighting and heating systems. Each scenario's relationship with energy consumption, user behavior and environmental conditions is analyzed using the obtained data. As a result of the analyses, it is seen that user behaviors had a more decisive effect on energy consumption and energy saving potential than environmental factors such as daylight or temperature. In addition, it is revealed that LED lighting systems are much more efficient than fluorescent lighting systems by reducing energy consumption. The savings values obtained as a result of the analyses are also evaluated in terms of their reflection on greenhouse gas emissions and the amounts of carbon emissions that can be reduced due to lighting and heating are calculated in each scenario. The results obtained showed that choosing the right equipment and optimizing user behaviors are of great importance not only in terms of energy saving but also in terms of environmental sustainability. As a result, this study reveals the necessity of developing user-oriented strategies for applications to be made in office environments within the scope of energy efficiency and shows that these approaches can be effective in reducing energy costs.