A method of authorship "Taghyīr": Kemālpas̲h̲azāde's Work al-Tawḍīḥ al-Muṣaḥḥaḥ Sharḥ al-Tanqīḥ al-Munaqqaḥ

Tanqīḥ al-uṣūl and its commentary al-Tawḍīḥ fī ḥallī ghawāmiḍ al-Tanqīḥ by Ṣadr al-Sharīʿa, who is considered one of the most prominent representatives of late-period Ḥanafī uṣūl thought, is one of the key texts that shaped Ottoman uṣūl thought. These works were primarily taught in Ottoman madrasas, often accompanied by al-Taftāzānī's gloss, al-Talwīḥ ilā kashf ḥaqāʾiq al-Tanqīḥ. Ottoman scholars generally contributed to the al-Tanqīḥ literature through the glosses they wrote on the al-Talwīḥ. Kemālpas̲h̲azāde, during his tenure as a professor, wrote a partial gloss on the al-Talwīḥ and later commented on the al-Tanqīḥ itself. However, during his commentary, he actively intervened in the original text, essentially recreating it and adding numerous marginal notes. Some of the prominent changes include rephrasing, reordering, adding new topics, omitting topics, altering the systematic structure, changing examples, and modifying reasoning. Some of these modifications were influenced by al-Taftāzānī's criticisms expressed in the al-Talwīḥ. While composing his commentary, Kemālpas̲h̲azāde utilized both the al-Tawḍīḥ and the al-Talwīḥ, and occasionally modifying their texts as well. He marked these changes with notes in the margins. Kemālpas̲h̲azāde directed criticisms towards Ṣadr al-Sharīʿa and al-Taftāzānī, sometimes explicitly, sometimes implicitly, and occasionally with a harsh tone. Additionally, he articulated his own scholarly and intellectual contributions, which he claimed were products of his own effort, and marked these in the margins as well. In this study, we conduct a content analysis of Kemālpas̲h̲azāde's work, known as Taghyīr al-Tanqīḥ titled al-Tawḍīḥ al-Muṣaḥḥaḥ Sharḥ al-Tanqīḥ al-Munaqqah. We examine the types of changes, interpretations, and criticisms contained in the work, categorizing them through highly representative examples.