Etiologic risk factors and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms under one year old infants with urolithiasis

The incidence of urinary tract stones in infancy has been increasing in Turkey. This increase is closely related to spread of USG as well as changes in climate and habits of nutrition. Aim: Risk factors and VDR gene polymorphisms were investigated in infants with stones under age 1. Material & Methods: Summer period; born under the age-40 healty, 20 urinary tract stone disease infants and winter period; born under the age-40 healty, 20 urinary tract stone disease infants were studied. For all babies; detailed survey was conducted; metabolic values located in the etiology, serum 25(OH)D levels, ApaI and FokI of VDR gene polymorphisms were investigated. Results: In this study; there was no difference of serum 25(OH)D level between 4 groups (p>0,05); but, formula feeding (p <0,05), and multivitamin use (vitamins A,C,D) (p <0,05) were more commonly seen in infants with stones. In the case of maternal veiled infant's serum 25(OH)D and Ca levels were lower (p<0,05). Family history of stone increased the incidence of stone, but; for ApaI and FokI of VDR gene polymorphisms, no statistical difference was determined between the groups with stone and control groups. Hypercalcemia, has emerged as an underlying metabolic abnormalities in the etiology of stone at a rate of 38%. Conclusions: Formula feeding and multivitamin usage as vitamin D support are increasing the formulation of stones in infants. Key words: infants, urolithiasis, vitamin D, VDR gene polymorphis