İndependent mps and their legislative activities in the first Turkish Grand National Assembly (1920-1923)

The First Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened in the absence of political parties, in line with the decision to "not be partisan" taken at the Sivas Congress. The main purpose of the Assembly was to ensure independence. However, Mustafa Kemal Pasha established the First Group for Defence of National Rights (The First Group), thinking that the current non-partisan structure prevents working with discipline. Unwanted deputies were left out of this group. Opponents were clustered in another group or stayed independent. In this study, primarily the history of the Ottoman-Turkish parliamentary, until the establishment of the First Turkish Grand National Assembly, was examined; then the establishment and mechanism of the First Assembly and the First and Second Groups are formed in the Assembly was mentioned. Secondary, it was determined that the independent members who are. Finally İndependence Tribunals, the Executive Committee and their election procedure, the process of accepting the Act on fundamental rights and the effects of the discussions of the Lausanne Conference in The Assembly was examined based on Independent MPs.