Theologies of liberation in contemporary Islamic political thought

The Islam-based political and social formulations of Sayyid Qutb and Ali Shariati, two important thinkers of the 20th century, which could be the continuation of the "nahda" movements that started with the colonial process, were examined within the scope of political theory. Two thinkers, who think about salvation, put forward the idea of a political field by establishing the basis of what kind of social structure people should live in, with an analysis based on existential elements. In this context, in this study, the concept of the political was examined at the ontological level, and then the concept of sovereignty as an intermediate area was put forward to establish the connection between the political and the religious while moving to the political dimension of the political. In this way, the answers brought by Liberalism, which is the dominant political and economic paradigm on social and political systems after the 19th century, on how to ensure what is good for everyone, at the point of impartial public sphere, are examined. The rethinking style against the humanitarian, social and political crisis created by these answers has started the debates on returning to religion as a solution in the political arena. In this context, the study is explained with the thought that liberation theology, which has been on the rise since the late 1960s, emerged as a solution to the secularism crisis and the "return of religion" debate after it, and liberation theology is used as an analytical tool in the study. Based on the question of what is the situation in Islamic countries against this liberal crisis on a social and political basis, the study has been examined within the scope of the views of Islamic thinkers and within the boundaries of freedom theology. The projects they presented on how to achieve the common good and how to reach salvation with a good political structure were evaluated. Keywords: Political, Liberation Theology, Islah, Qutb, Shariati.