The Efficiency Of Topical 0.05 % Cyclosporin A, 2 % Cyclosporin A, Epinastine Hydrochloride And Prednisolone Acetateon alllergic conjunctivitis therapy in an experimental model

Purpose: We aimed to compare the histopathological effects of topical cyclosporin A 0.05%, cyclosporin A 2%, epinastin HCl and prednisolone acetate on conjunctival surface inflammation in an experimental animal model of allergic conjunctivitis.Material and method: 40 Wistar Albino rats were divided into five groups, randomly. Animals were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of 100 µl mixture containing 20 mg Al(OH)3 and 100 µg Ovalbumin suspended in phosphate buffer saline. After two weeks, cyclosporin A 0.05% (n=8), cyclosporin A 2% (n=8), epinastin HCl (n=8), prednisolone acetate (n=8) drops applied into the conjunctival sac of both eyes to all groups by the order. On the other hand, control group (n=8) received no treatments. At the 21st day, to induce clinicaly visible response, 10 µl Ovalbumin mixture suspended in phosphate buffer applied to both eyes. After 24 hours, enucleation was performed, then the eyes were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidin blue for light microscopic examination. Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections were used to score of all pathological changes in conjunctiva, including epithelial structure and thickness, stromal edema, inflammatory cells and mast cell degranulations. We accept these four parameters equal in importance. After the summation of these parameters, a total score was obtained for each animal. Toluidin blue stained sections were used to count of mast cell number in the conjunctival area.Results: Mean histopathological scores were 3.0±0.7, 3.7±1.1, 3.1±1.1, 5.8±0.6, 7.7±1.2 respectively in groups. Two forms of cyclosporin A and epinastine were found significantly more effective than prednisolone acetate (p<0.05). But no significant difference was detected between these three groups. Mean mast cell numbers were found 4.5±1.6, 4.3±0.9, 5.0±1.3, 4.1±1.6, 7.1±0.6 respectively, in groups. There were significant differences between treatment groups and control group (p<0.05), but no difference amoung the treatment groups .Conclusion: Topical 0.05 % cyclosporin A form inhibits the allergic inflammation in this experimental animal model of allergic conjunctivitis. Its suppression potential is effective as 2 % cyclosporin A form and epinastine HCl. It is more effective than prednisolone acetate to supress acut pathological changes in conjunctiva. Finally, we think that 0.05 % cyclosporin A could be used as an alternative treatment in allergic disorders.Keywods: Allergy, Cyclosporin A, Epinastine, Prednisolone