Analysis of effect of Amyloid Beta on molecular communication in diffusion based nanonetworks

Recently, too much afford has been conducted toward development of novel communication techniques for implementing in nano-scale systems inspired from electro-chemical communication systems that naturally used by living beings. One of these techniques is known as Molecular Communication (MC) in which chemical signals are used as carriers for transmission of information through fluid media. The information carrier particles used in such communication systems consist of biological components such as DNA and protein components. Studies regarding MC are considered to highly contribute to the developments in the field of nano-technology. Therefore, in this study, software and hardware based two new MC models that could potentially be used in nano-scale systems were developed and analysed in terms of communication performance. In the first part, different forms of receivers such as sphere, hemisphere, cube and rectangular prism topologies have been tried for increasing the rate of molecule reception and reducing the inter symbol interference of the receiver in the software MC model. It was observed that the signal transmission rate increased and the interference decreased with the use of a hemispherical receiver model. The results obtained from the proposed MC models encourage one to think that such receiver models might have the potential to compensate for the negative effect of Amyloid Beta (Aβ 40-42) peptides by which Alzheimer disease could arise in the biological neuronal network. In the second part, a new neuron model was developed with some active and passive electronic circuit elements. This model basically inspired from both Hodgin Huxley and Izhikevich's systematic integrate and fire model. Compared with the existing systems in the literature, the proposed dynamic model has shown more realistic pulses similar to those produced by nerve cells. The effect of permittivity (hence, the capacity) and the diffusion coefficient of the synaptic cleft on the performance of the proposed MC model were investigated. Also the effect of Aβ (40-42) on the information transmission between nerve cells was investigated and some proposals were developed accordingly. Keywords: Molecular communication, neuronal communication, amyloid beta, receiver, receptor