Histological and diagnostic study of opportunitive bacteria in diabetic foot patients and molecular research of some virulance factors

The current study included 100 swabs for diabetic foot patients, where 39 positive and negative isolates were obtained out of 100 isolates, where the swabs were collected from Al-Rifai General Hospital and diabetic foot clinics in the Dhi Qar Governorate. When planting the isolates, 17 positive samples for Gram stain were obtained, with a percentage (of 43.60%), and 22 negative samples for gram stain, with a rate (of 56.4%). The results showed the dominance of Staphylococcus aureus at a rate of 43.60% for all isolates, while the Gram-negative bacteria isolated were E. coli at a rate of (28.20%), 6 isolates at a rate of (15.38%) from Pseudomonas aurogeinosa, 5 isolates at a rate of (12.82%) from Proteus bacteria. Also, some histological sections of tissues taken from Diabetic foot patients where necrotic foci, fiber deposition, resorption inflammatory cells, as well as melanin pigmentation, vacuoles, nuclei, and skin ulcers were shown in the tissue samples taken. The effect of four types of antibiotics on all types of positive and negative bacteria that appeared in this study was studied, as it had an effect on the bacterial species, as some types were resistant to antibiotics, some were moderate, and some were sensitive to the antibiotics used in this study.