Effects of different sowing patterns and mixture ratios in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench var. saccharatum) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) grown under Amik lowland conditions

This study was carried out the determine the effets of diffent sowing patterns and mixture ratios on forage and silage quality in sweet sorghum and munbean. As sowing patterns, twin row (20×55 cm row spacing), narrow row (55 cm row spacing) and conventional row (75 am row spacing) designs were used. The mixture ratios were formed over the plant densities and alternative row numbers of sweet sorghum and mungbean. Sowings were made on alternate rows of 1 row sweet sorgum and 1 row mungbean (S1:1) and 2 rows sweet sorgum and 1 row mungbean (S2:1). The plant density of sweet sorghum was 14000 plant da-1 (TS14), and mungbean densities were 14000 (MF14), 21000 (MF21) and 28000 (MF28) plant da-1. This experiment was planned with two factors (sowing patterns and intercrops) and it was designed with three replications according to the split plots in randomized blocks. In the research, to evaluate the forage yield and quality, fresh forage yield (YOV), dry forage yield (KOV), dry matter ratio (KMO), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude ash (HK), organic matter (OM) crude protein (HP), ether extract (EE), condensed tannins (CKT), lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, enterobacteria (ENT) count, yeast count, plant pH and water soluble carbohydrate (SÇK) properties were investigated. In addition, intercropping systems were evaluated on LER (land equivalent ratio), sweet sorghum and mung bean ratio in dry matter (TSOKM and MFOKM) and sweet sorghum and mung bean ratio in fresh (TSOYO and MFOYO). In order to evaluate silage fermentation quality and nutritive value, KMO, dry matter recovery (KMK), NDF, ADF, ADL, HK, OM, HP, EE, KT, SÇK, relative feed value (NYD), pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), LAB count, yeast count, lactic acid (LA) content, acetic acid (AA) content, propionic acid (PA) content, ethanol (ETOH) content and LA/AA ratio features were examined. According to the results of this study, ÇSE and DSE sowing patterns and Saf-MF21 and S2:1-TS14-MF14 cultivation systems can be recommended in terms of forage yield quality and nutritive value. Furtermore, among the interactions it was deremined that good results can be obtained with S1:1-TS14-MF21 intercopping system in DSE sowing pattern. According to the results obtained from this study among the sowing patterns in terms of silage quality and nutritive value, ÇSE and DSE gave the best results. Although the highest silage quality among the monocroppings and intercroppings was obtained monocropping sweet sorghum cultivation and intercropping systems, when considering nutritive value of silages, S2: 1-TS14-MF21 intercropping system can be recommended alone. When we evaluated the interactions, S2:1-TS14-MF21 intercropping system in GSE can give good results in terms of silage quality and nutritive value.