The effect of rally round the flag in foreign policy sanctions: The case of Türkiye

This thesis examines the two-way relationship between foreign policy sanctions and the variable of rallying around the flag. States or international organizations use various foreign policy tools in order to change the policies followed by another state in their own direction. Foreign policy sanctions are one of these tools. Foreign policy sanctions; It can be in the form of diplomatic, economic or smart sanctions. There are several factors that affect the success of sanctions. One of these factors is whether the rally round the flag took place during the sanction or not. The main argument and hypotheses of this thesis are formed within the framework of this variable. By using various methods in the thesis, it has been revealed under which conditions the gathering around the flag takes place and what kind of results will occur if there is a rally round the flag in sanctions. While doing this, comparative case analysis and survey method were used as methods. As the subject of the thesis, Türkiye and the sanctions against Türkiye are discussed. In the thesis, the US and EU sanctions, which apply to the most sanctions policy against Türkiye, are discussed. In this context, three different US/EU Türkiye sanctions were examined in order to test the argument and hypotheses of the thesis. These; The sanctions imposed by the USA after the 1974 Cyprus Operations; These are the democratization sanctions imposed by the EEC on Türkiye after the 1980 coup, and finally the democratization and human rights sanctions imposed by the EU on Türkiye in 1995. In the thesis, the leadership support approval given by the participants in the face of various sanction scenarios was measured by using the questionnaire method. In this way, it has been revealed whether the effect of rally round the flag occurs in what kind of sanction scenarios.