Investigation of power calculations used in determining equipment in electricity distribution networks

The most important data in the design stage of electrical distribution networks is the power information. All calculations are made based on this data, and the equipment is determined according to the power information. In cases where the power data is not accurately determined, there may be capacity insufficiency in the equipment to be used, leading to faults or, conversely, idle investments due to idle capacity. One of the fundamental principles in engineering is that all processes/manufactures are evaluated together in terms of both economic and efficiency aspects alongside the technical calculations required by laws and regulations. In this thesis study, it is examined how the power data used in the selection of equipment used in residential buildings in distribution networks is determined in practice. Both the powers determined according to the internal installation project and the powers actually used in the residential buildings determined during the application phase were examined and the relationship between these powers was investigated. In this study, powers determined in internal installation projects and actual powers drawn are compared in residential-focused structures. These comparisons are made in terms of transformer utilization rates and efficiencies as well as investment costs. These operations mentioned in the study were carried out on 37 different distribution transformer regions consisting of residential buildings located in nine different district settlements on the Anatolian side of Istanbul. As a result, it has emerged that the usage pattern of buildings/structures, the geographical region they are located in, the socioeconomic status of the region, and seasonal effects are crucial in determining the equipment in electrical distribution networks, and this information must be taken into account.