Effect of some hormone applications on germination rate and seedling character in apple seeds

Due to the increasing population and inefficient use of agricultural land, meeting food demands has become increasingly challenging. However, advancements in scientific and technological fields have shown promise in enhancing productivity per unit area in agricultural lands. One of these advancements includes the use of plant growth regulators (hormones), such as IAA, NAA, and IBA. In this study, focusing on apples, given their status as one of the most consumed fruits globally, the application of three different hormones at six varying doses was carried out on apple seeds. After 49 days from planting, the apple seedlings were uprooted, and their characteristics were measured, followed by statistical analysis of the gathered data. The findings indicated that IAA hormones positively affected germination rates and root development in apple seeds, while IBA hormones showed positive effects on stem and leaf characteristics.