Investigation of different types of wall flow diesel particulate filters' effects on pressure drop

Nowadays, diesel particulate filters are commonly used control of particulate matter emitted into the atmosphere from internal combustion diesel engines. Particulate matter is consists of soot, partial or unburned fuel, oil, metal, nitrate and sulfate. Exhaust gases thrown into the atmosphere making cross flow in the particulate filter. Exhaust gases while making cross flow passes through the porous structure that is the material of the particle filter. Particulate matter is not passed from the porous structure and is accumulated in the particulate filter. There are back pressure limits for internal combustion engines that are specified by the manufacturer. In the event of back pressure is over the limits, residual gas fraction increases and reduces the engine's performance. For this reason, the back pressures of muffler, particulate filter and catalytic convertor that are located after the engine are should be known. It is necessary know back pressure of diesel particulate filter because of having different structure according to the the other systems and accumulation of particulate matter with time. In this study, mathematical model of the pressure drop of the particulate filter has been developed. Pressure drop testing of three particulate filters was performed. Flow analysis of particle filters are made by creating solid models. The symmetry of the channel were used while creating mathematical model. Particulate filter is divided into regions and each region were examined in itself. Permeability and internal loss coefficient, which can be calculated experimentally are constants for porous materials depending on the flow properties. The experimental setup for measuring the pressure drop has been established. In the experimental setup, air that is ambient temperature sent into the particulate filter and pressure drop of filters were measured. As a result of measurements of particulate filters' pressure drop, permeability and inertial loss coefficient is calculated from mathematical model. Particulate filtere are modeled with a finite element program and performed flow analyses. At the end of the study, experimental and numerical results are compared.