Development of gliadin detoxifying biotechnologies

Celiac disease, with an average prevalence of 1% in the world, occurs in genetically predisposed individuals; It is an immune-mediated disease triggered by the consumption of gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley and rye. The fact that gluten-free nutrition, which is seen as the only treatment method, is difficult to maintain due to its negative socio-economic and psychological effects on individuals' lives, has led to the research of new treatment methods. Research is carried out on a wide range of topics, from reducing the toxicity of gluten to creating immune modulators. In this thesis study, it was aimed to develop a method for the detoxification of gliadin, the gluten component of bread wheat, the most consumed grain group. First of all, the material that could adsorb gliadin at the pH of the intestinal environment was investigated and preliminary experiments were started to determine the colon filling material to be used in the chromatographic system. Within the framework of the findings obtained, a cryogel column containing taurine was synthesized to be used as a column filling material in Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC). After chromatographic analysis, it was found that taurine provided high efficiency in the purification of gliadin. By determining the affinity of taurine to gliadin, encapsulation studies were initiated and chitosan-alginate capsules were obtained, which ensured the protection of the capsule at gastric pH while also facilitating release in the intestinal environment. In the encapsulation process, the core consists of taurine and zein, which provides its controlled release. In the last stage of the study, the release profiles of gel beads prepared by encapsulation were examined at the pH of the stomach and intestinal environment. In the encapsulation system, the release of taurine did not occur at a pH value close to the acidity of the stomach, while it occurred in a controlled manner in an environment close to the pH value of the intestine. When the studies were evaluated, a gliadin detoxifying system was developed, which could be an alternative to gluten-free nutrition treatment. Gliadin, which is a toxic prolamin for celiac patients, can be retained in the intestinal environment and the disorders it causes can be eliminated. This developed system is promising for the treatment of celiac disease.