An evaluation of the arguments of the evolutionary theory in today's Turkey

The study investigates the historical adventure of evolutionary theory and gives a projection that how the adventure involved in today?s Turkey.Evolution as a concept means a process of systematized change from basic matter to complex structure in a proper way. From this point, evolution is a theory based on the opinion that the universe and the living creature were formed from simple into complex creatures. Due to its broad content, evolution theory can be grouped into three topics; inorganic evolution, organic evolution and the evolution of humankind. The first section of the study evaluates the first category of evolution.Inorganic evolution refers of the creation of the universe and the world, and there are several theses about this formation.Organic evolution which is the main focus of this study deals with the transition from nonliving material to living organisms and organization of organismal hierarchy. The changes occurred in the genetic materials of organisms could turn into both advantages and disadvantages for organisms. The organisms that are well adapted to environmental conditions pass their genetic heritage to their generation. Thus, organismal adaptation to the environmental conditions is the main subject of the evolutionary theory. The physiological, cultural and sociological evolutions of human being are the main subjects in the evolutionary studies of human beings. Historical background of the evolutionary theory and thoughts and/of intellectuals related to evolution in the Greek Conception have been given in the second section of this study. The position and methods of study of evolution as well as thoughts of intellectuals representing Islamic view on the theory in the structure of Islamic Conception have been also presented in this section.In the last section of the study, with the argument of the biological evolution in today?s Turkey, the questions of modern evolution theory and the criticism to these theories were evaluated. Since the evolution theory has not been proven yet, the problems which will come out by perceiving the theory as scientific truth are also criticized. Like getting broad the scope of theory and becoming an interdisciplinary issue of theory, there are some points which make difficult to pursue on this issue. So, it is getting important to know the source of theory and to understand what the theory really express. There are still some arguments on the evolution theory which should be accepted as one of the theories that were put by the science which is a common inheritance of humankind, and it can only be well understood by reading from this point. Therefore, the reading of the theory with a view independent from any ideology is getting important for the forthcoming of the theory.