Technical, economic and ecological comparison of the 1 MW floating solar power plant to be installed in hirfanli dam and the 1 MW land type solar power plant in the same region

The need for energy, which is of great importance for humanity, is increasing day by day. This increasing need not only consumes non-renewable energy resources rapidly, but also increases the negative impact on the environment as a result of the consumption of non-renewable energy resources. These negativities have led to a tendency towards renewable energy resources, which are alternative energy sources. In this study, in order to compare the installation of solar energy systems on land and water masses according to the installation type, a 1 MW floating solar energy system design was made on Hirfanlı Dam using the PVsyst program, which is frequently used in solar energy systems, and a 1 MW photovoltaic system design was made on land in the same region. During the design, parameters that will affect energy production such as panel inclination angle, azimuth angle, inverter and system equipment were determined appropriately and separate loss diagrams and monthly energy production data were obtained for the land type solar energy system and the floating solar energy system. The losses of both systems and the parameters that affect efficiency in the systems were examined. These designed systems were compared technically, economically and ecologically. As a result of this study, the annual energy production of floating solar energy systems was found to be 1,771,618 kWh, while the annual energy production of land-based solar energy systems was calculated as 1,654,430 kWh. When the annual energy production amounts were compared, it was seen that floating solar energy systems produced approximately 7% more energy than land-based solar energy systems. When these two systems were compared economically, it was seen that the return on investment period for the floating system was 5 years, while for the land-based system, this period was 4 years. When the two systems were compared ecologically, it was seen that the floating system prevented 974,79 tons of CO2 emissions, while the land-based system prevented 910,31 tons of CO2 emissions.