Official ideology and posters in the process of creating "the ideal citizen" (Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and Turkey)

Modern nationalism, which was born with the French Revolution in 1789, influenced Europe in the 19th century and the rest of the world in the 20th century. At this point, the idea of defining a nation, led to a new form of history recording, formation of roots based on imaginary myths and epics, creation of a national culture and language, and finally a national identity. The newly constructed relationship between the administration and people changed its scope from a ruler-people axis to state-people relationship, these concepts are defined and secured with a community agreement named constitutional laws. On the other hand, the 20th century can also be entitled as the age of ideologies. On one side, fascism made its way in Germany and Italy, and the Marxist Revolution and socialism was rising in Russia. Ideologies played a key role in the reconstruction of the states and nations. An embraced purpose and a sense of belonging adopted by the majority not only gave the administrations the justification they required, but also was very important for the continuity and sustainability of the states. Posters and signboards, the new form of propaganda that was proven to be highly effective during the First World War shaped by the official state ideology was put in as the tool for conquering people, creating a common ideal / common enemy to bond the masses. This thesis aims to show with examples and historical perspective how posters evolved as one of the major tools for propaganda of official / governmental ideologies, a means to reconstruct ideal citizenship and "edification". This is why, on the contrary to various thesis and sources on the subject, the posters and banners are read in relation with causality of history instead of technical analysis. The area of research is limited to three countries (Turkey, Germany, Russia) that passed through relatively bigger changes, since every country has different historical dynamics, nationalization courses and cultural structures. The similarities and differences are analyzed in the context of research between these three countries with different ideological origins. Anahtar kelimeler: Poster, ideologies, citizenship, ideal citizen, national identity, construction of nation