Investigation of the effect of azacitidine application on antioxidant system and SERK1 and WEE1 gene expression in alfalfa calluses in in vitro conditions

Alfalfa is the most important forage crop in the world due to its high nutritional value, yield potential and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. In this study, calli taken from leaf explants of alfalfa plant 0.0125mg\mL kinetin+1mg\mL 2.4-D, 0.0125mg\mL kinetin+1mg\mL 2.4D+2.5μM 3µL 5-azaC, 0.0125mg\mL kinetin+1mg\ mL 2.4D+2.5μM 6µL azacitidine (5-azaC) grown for 7, 14 and 21 days and in alfalfa callus malondialdehyde (MDA) amount, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes The changes in the activity of the protein, proline, total protein, dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and total phenolic substances were determined. In addition, changes in the expressions of Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase 1 (SERK1) and G2 Checkpoint Kinase (WEE1) genes were measured due to azacitidine administration. It was determined that MDA and H2O2amounts decreased, SOD activity and protein amount decreased, POD activity and proline amount increased due to azacitidine application. It was observed that the expressions of SERK1 and WEE1 genes changed depending on the applied azacitidine concentration and time.