The Relation between the human development and economical factors

118 SUMMARY According to the new development approach, the level of human progress is the basic factor to transform rapid changes experienced in economic, social political and cultural fields into opportunities. Income, education attainment, health and nutrition conditions carry weight to provide the required human development level. Providing the required developments in these fields are directly related with the economic possibilities and efforts of the public and families. The economic conditions and efforts of the household as well as public resources are important for human development. It is observed that sufficient studies determining the relations between the economic income owned by the household and their usage preferences and human development have not been carried out. The study aims to determine the relations between the education, life expectancy, and income dimensions of the human development and income distribution, income, education and health expenditures in selected provinces in Turkey. The study is limited to 1994 and to the provincial centers of Bursa, Kocaeli, İstanbul, Denizli, İzmir, Adana, Antalya, İçel, Ankara, Eskişehir, Kayseri, Konya, Trabzon, Samsun, Zonguldak, Erzurum, Malatya, Diyarbakır and Gaziantep. The basic data for the study have been taken from 19 Selected Provincial Centers Results of the 1994 Household Consumption Expenditures Survey (DIE, 1997) and 19 Selected Provincial Centres Results of the 1994 Household Income Distribution Survey (DIE, 1998), Gross Domestic Proceeds as Per Provinces 1987 - 1994 (DIE, 1997) and Human Development Report, Turkey (TESEV, 1996). The dimensions of the human development index : Education, life expectancy and income indexes are taken. Economic variables : Income according to educational levels, gross domestic proceeds per capita, income distribution, education and health expenditures are taken. Index calculation are made in accordance with the method stated in the technical annex to the 1997 Human Development Report published by the119 United Nations Development Programme. The relations between human development and its dimensions and economic variables are tested in double-way and according to p<,05 level in accordance with Pearson Moments Multiplication Correlation technique. 1. There is a meaningful positive relation between the income index and literacy, education, life expectancy indexes. There is no relation between income and enrolments ratio indexes. There is no a meaningful relation between life expectancy and literacy, enrolments ratio and education indexes. 2. There is no any meaningful relation between income distribution and education, life expectancy, income and human development indexes. 3. There is a meaningful positive relation between education expenditures and education, income and human development indexes. There is no any meaningful relations between education expenses and enrolments ratio and life expectancy. 4. There is a meaningful positive relation between health expenditures, literacy, education, life expectancy, income and human development indexes. There is no any meaningful relation between health expenditures and enrolment ratio indexes. 5. There is a meaningful positive relation between the income earned by an educational level and health expenditures. There is a meaningful positive relation between family incomes as per educational levels and education expenditures and health expenditures. There is no any meaningful relation between educational level and education expenditures. A conclusion is reached based on the obtained findings that education and income play an important role in human, development. Based on the findings and conclusions obtained, it is suggested that educational opportunities should be expanded to the regions where lower income groups exist, educational quality should be increased and the pressure of the education expenditures on the incomes of the families should be decreased. oortiiAimsTORfcowa