Intolerance of uncertainty and time management skills of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity, emerging in childhood and persisting into adulthood. Intolerance of uncertainty refers to difficulties in coping with uncertain situations, whereas time management is defined as the ability of individuals to plan and use their time effectively. Adults who have ADHD struggle with several problems in daily life. Individuals with ADHD often have problems in time management, and they can also experience intolerance of uncertainty. However, current research in this area is limited; thus, this study aims to fill this gap by examining intolerance of uncertainty and time management skills in adults aged 18-45 with ADHD symptoms. The research was a quantitative study. Data was collected from respondents using survey research method. All surveys were delivered to participants online. "Personal Information Form", "The Turkish Version of the Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Self-Report Scale (ASRS)", adapted by Doğan et al. (2009), "The Turkish Version of Short Version of Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12)" adapted by Sarıçam et al. (2014), and "Time Management Scale (TMQ)" adapted by Alay & Koçak. (2002) were used in the survey. 738 participants were reached using the online survey. 433 of the participants met the inclusion criteria for the study. 385 of the participants were female, 48 were male, and 50.1% of the participants had an ADHD diagnosis, and 49.9% did not have ADHD diagnosis but had ADHD symptoms. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were used in data analysis. The findings show that the participants' time management and intolerance of uncertainty scores were above average. There is no statistically significant relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and time management. In addition, the predictive roles of the inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity subscales on time management and intolerance of uncertainty were examined. The results showed that the inattention subscale negatively predicted time management. The hyperactivity/impulsivity dimension positively predicted time management. All subscales (inattention and hyperactivity/ impulsivity) positively predicted intolerance of uncertainty. In line with the results obtained, the findings were discussed with information in the literature, and suggestions were made for future research. Keywords: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Intolerance of Uncertainty, Time Management.